Taariikhda Gobolka Hiiraan New ((top)) May 2026

Hiiraan is one of the most strategically significant regions in central Somalia. It is unique for being the only region in Somalia that is bordered by five other Somali regions (Galguduud, Middle Shabelle, Lower Shabelle, Bay, and Bakool) and Ethiopia to the west. Regional Capital: Beledweyne

Major Districts: Beledweyne, Bulo-Burte, Jalalaqsi, Matabaan, and Mahas.

Key Landmark: The Shabelle River, which bisects the capital, Beledweyne, and provides the region with its agricultural lifeblood. Historical Significance

Colonial Era: During the colonial period, Hiiraan was a key administrative area for Italian Somaliland. Its location made it a hub for trade and military movement between the coast and the interior.

Resistance History: The people of Hiiraan have a long history of anti-colonial resistance. The region played a pivotal role during the struggle for independence led by the Somali Youth League (SYL), with several of the original 13 founders having roots or strong connections to the area.

Administrative Second Capital: Bulo-Burte is often referred to as the second capital of the region, known for its historic bridge built by the Italians and its strategic importance as a gateway to the south. Recent Developments (New Context) taariikhda gobolka hiiraan new

Political Evolution (Hirshabelle): Hiiraan is now part of the Hirshabelle State, a federal member state formed by the union of Hiiraan and Middle Shabelle. However, local political dynamics often see a push for "Hiiraan State" as a standalone entity due to the region's unique clan dynamics and historical autonomy.

Security & "Macawisley" Movement: Recently, Hiiraan became the epicenter of the Macawisley local uprising. This civilian-led mobilization, supported by the Somali National Army, has been instrumental in reclaiming vast territories from Al-Shabaab, particularly in the Mahas and Matabaan districts. Infrastructure & Economy:

Agriculture: The region remains a primary producer of livestock, sorghum, and vegetables.

Flood Challenges: Beledweyne frequently faces severe seasonal flooding from the Shabelle River, leading to significant displacement and international humanitarian focus on long-term dam and levee projects. Culture and Identity

The people of Hiiraan are known for their resilience and deep-rooted Somali traditions. The region is a melting pot of various Somali clans, with the Xawaadle and Gugundhabe being among the prominent groups in the central and southern parts, contributing to a rich oral history and poetry culture. Expand map Hiiraan is one of the most strategically significant

Hordhac: Hiiraan – Xuddunta Geeska Afrika

Gobolka Hiiraan, oo ku yaal bartamaha Soomaaliya, waxaa lagu tilmaami karaa qalbiga dhulka Soomaalida. Magaca "Hiiraan" lafteedu waxa uu ka mid yahay magacyada ugu qadiimsan ee gobollada dalka. Gobolkani wuxuu caan ku yahay webiga Shabeelle ee ka kacaya galbeedka ilaa uu kaga biro badweynta Hindiya, iyo dhulka barwaaqada ah ee u dhexeeya. Balse taariikhdu ma ahan oo kaliya barwaaqo; waa iskuxiran tahay halgan, ganacsi, diin, iyo isbeddel joogto ah.

Qoraalkani wuxuu ku eegayaa taariikhda Hiiraan qaab cusub – anagoo ka hadlayna laga soo bilaabo waayihii hore ee Boqortooyadii Ajuuraan, ilaa dagaalladii sokeeye, iyo dib u hes hiisiinta hadda ka socota magaalooyinka sida Beledweyne, Buula Burte, Jalalaqsi, iyo Bulo Mareer.

5.1 Awrka iyo Amaan darrada

Sannadihii 1990-aadkii, gobolka Hiiraan wuxuu marayay xilli gumadaysan oo annan darro iyo dagaalaba ka taagnaa. Magaalada Beledweyne waxay u qaybsantay laba qaybood:

• Qaybta Koowaad: Buundada (buundada weyn) ka dhinaceeda woqooyi.
• Qaybta Labaad: Dhanka koonfureed.

Labada dhinac waxaa kala dhexeeyay webiga, mararka qaarna waxay isku dhacayeen.

1.1 Saldhigii Boqortooyadii Ajuuraan

Gobolka Hiiraan wuxuu ahaa xarun muhiim u ah Boqortooyadii Ajuuraan (Ajuuraan Empire). Inkastoo caasimadda rasmiga ahayd Mareeg (oo hadda ku taal gobolka Galguduud), haddana deegaannada Hiiraan, gaar ahaan hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, waxay ahaayeen beeraha cuntada laga soo saari jiray iyo xarumihii ugu muhiimsanaa ee maamulka biyaha. Hordhac: Hiiraan – Xuddunta Geeska Afrika Gobolka Hiiraan,

• Nidaamka Biyaha: Ajuuraaniyiintu waxay dhiseen biyo-xireenno iyo kanaalo lagu waraabiyo beeraha. Qaar ka mid ah kanaalladaas, sida Kanaalka Buula Burte, waxaa la sheegaa in la dhisay 500 sano ka hor.
• Diinta: Hiiraan waxay ka mid ahayd gobolladii ugu horeeyay ee Islaamka si buuxda u qaata, waxaana ka soo baxay culimo iyo suufiyad caan ah.

7.1 Al-Shabaab oo ka dhigta Hiiraan xarun

Markii ay Ethiopia baxday 2009-kii, Al-Shabaab waxay si dhakhso ah u qabsatay inta badan Hiiraan. Waxay Hiiraan ka dhigtay meel istiraatiiji ah oo ay ku hubkeeyaan, ku qaadaan, kana amraan weeraro Muqdisho.

• Waxay Al-Shabaab ku soo rogeen shareecad adag: qof kasta oo qaata sigaar, dhagaysta muusik, ama oo dhaqanka ka soo horjeeda, waxaa la ciqaabi jiray.

Qaybta 7: Mustaqbalka Hiiraan – Meeqo ayey u socotaa?

"Taariikhda Gobolka Hiiraan new" ma aha oo kaliya wixii la soo dhaafay, balse waxaa ka mid ah rajada mustaqbalka. Waxaa la filayaa in gobolku noqdo mid ka faa'iidaysta:

• Bi-weynaha Shabeelle si loo abuuro tamar koronto iyo waraab joogto ah.
• Maalgashiga Itoobiya iyo Soomaaliya ee xarumaha ganacsiga xuddunta ah.
• Nabad gelyo haddii ay socoto dagaalka ka dhanka ah Al-Shabaab.

5.3. Maamulkii Hiiraan ee Cusub iyo Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabelle

Ka dib Dastuurkii cusub ee Soomaaliya (2012), waxaa la aasaasay Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabelle (Hirshabelle State) oo ka kooban labada gobol: Hiiraan iyo Shabeellaha Dhexe. Sannadkii 2016-kii, Beledweyne waxaa loo magacaabay caasimadda ku meel gaarka ah ee Hirshabelle, ka dib markii Jowhar ay ahayd tan rasmiga ah.

Xilligan cusub, waxaa la arkay dadaallo horumarineed oo ay weheliyaan qalalaase siyaasadeed oo u dhexeeya madaxda Hirshabelle iyo dowladda federaalka. Beelaha Hiiraan, gaar ahaan Xawaadle, waxay codsadeen in la siiyo awood dheeri ah gobolkooda.

5. Hiiraan Casriga ah: Dagaalkii Al-Shabaab iyo Dib-u-heshiisiinta

Laga soo bilaabo 2000-meeyadii, Hiiraan waxay noqotay mid ka mid ah gobollada ugu qalalaasaha badan Soomaaliya.

• Al-Shabaab: Kooxdan Al-Qaacidda ku xidhan waxay qabsatay qaybo badan oo ka mid ah Hiiraan, oo ay ku jiraan tuulooyin iyo miyiga. Waxay dejiyeen xeerar adag (shariica) waxayna ku hubeeyeen dadka.
• Dagaalka Ka-hortagga Al-Shabaab: Ciidamada Dowladda Federaalka Soomaaliya, oo ay taageerayaan AMISOM (hawsha Midowga Afrika) iyo ciidamada Ma'awisley (kuwaas oo ah maleeshiyaad deegaanka ah oo laga soo dhex baxay gobolka Hiiraan), ayaa dagaal culus kula jira Al-Shabaab. 2022-kii iyo 2023-kii, waxaa la qabsaday magaalooyin badan oo muhiim ah, sida Halgan, Ceel Baraf, Buuloburde, iyo Moqokori.
• Beledweyne iyo Daadadka: Hiiraan waxaa si joogto ah u halisa daadadka Webiga Shabeelle. Sannadkii 2015, 2018, 2020, iyo 2023, daadad ba'an ayaa burburiyay guryo, beero, iyo kaabayaal dhaqaale oo ku yaalla Beledweyne iyo nawaaxigeeda. Dad badan ayaa barakacay.

3. Colonial Period (1880s–1960)

• Italian Somaliland: Hiiraan became part of Italian Somaliland (1889–1941). The Italians built bridges, river embankments (jillows), and a fort in Beledweyne.
• Resistance: Local clans, led in memory by figures like Xaaji Faarax, resisted colonial taxation and forced labour.
• Infrastructure: The Shabelle River was used for cotton and banana plantations; many Somali farmers were displaced into sharecropping.