Enciklopedija šahovskih otvaranja (Encyclopedia of Chess Openings, or ECO) is the most comprehensive reference system for chess theory in the world. Published by Šahovski Informator (Chess Informant) since 1974, it serves as the universal standard for classifying and indexing the thousands of possible opening variations. Structure and Classification
The ECO system categorizes every chess opening into five volumes, labeled A through E, each assigned a specific range of alphanumeric codes (A00–E99):
Volume A: Flank openings (e.g., English Opening, Benoni Defense) and "irregular" openings like the Reti or Bird's Opening. enciklopedija sahovskih otvaranja pdf
Volume B: Semi-Open Games excluding the French Defense (e.g., Sicilian Defense, Caro-Kann, Pirc Defense).
Volume C: Open Games (1. e4 e5) and the French Defense (e.g., Ruy Lopez, King's Gambit, Giuoco Piano). GRUPA A – Bočna otvaranja (1
Volume D: Closed Games and Semi-Closed Games (e.g., Queen's Gambit, Slav Defense, Gruenfeld Defense).
Volume E: Indian Defenses (e.g., King's Indian Defense, Nimzo-Indian Defense). Language-Agnostic System Gurevich E97 | PDF - Scribd GRUPA A – Bočna otvaranja (1.c4
Here is the content for a hypothetical Enciklopedija sahovskih otvaranja (Encyclopedia of Chess Openings) PDF, structured as a ready-to-use outline and descriptive text. You can copy this into a word processor or design software to generate the actual PDF.
| ECO | Otvaranje | Glavni potezi | |-----|-----------|----------------| | A00 | Nepravilna otvaranja (1.g4, 1.Sc3, 1.a3) | 1.g4 (Grob), 1.Sc3 (Dunst), 1.a3 (Anderssen) | | A01 | Nimzovičeva odbrana | 1.b3 (Larsen) – 1...e5 2.Lb2 Sc6 | | A02 | Birdovo otvaranje | 1.f4 | | A03 | Bird – 1...d5 | 1.f4 d5 | | A04 | Retijevo otvaranje | 1.Sf3 | | A05 | Reti – 1...Sf6 | 1.Sf3 Sf6 | | A06 | Reti – 1...d5 | 1.Sf3 d5 | | A07 | Kraljeva indijska varijanta (Reti) | 1.Sf3 d5 2.g3 | | A08 | Reti – 1...c5 | 1.Sf3 c5 2.g3 | | A09 | Reti – 1...d5 2.c4 | 1.Sf3 d5 2.c4 | | A10 | Englesko otvaranje | 1.c4 | | A11 | Engleska – Karo-Kan sistem | 1.c4 c6 | | A12 | Engleska – 1...c6 sa d5 | 1.c4 c6 2.Sf3 d5 | | A13 | Engleska – 1...e6 | 1.c4 e6 | | A14 | Engleska – Nimzovičeva | 1.c4 e6 2.Sf3 d5 3.g3 | | A15 | Engleska – 1...Sf6 | 1.c4 Sf6 | | A16 | Engleska – 1...Sf6 2.Sc3 | 1.c4 Sf6 2.Sc3 | | A17 | Engleska – 1...Sf6 2.Sc3 e6 | 1.c4 Sf6 2.Sc3 e6 | | A18 | Engleska – 1...Sf6 2.Sc3 e6 3.e4 | (Mikro-Mak varijanta) | | A19 | Engleska – 1...Sf6 2.Sc3 e6 3.e4 c5 | | | ... | ... | ... | | A20–A39 | Engleska – Simetrična varijanta | 1.c4 c5 | | A40–A49 | Damin pješak otvaranja (1.d4 bez 1...d5) | 1.d4 Sf6 | | A50–A59 | Budimpeštanski gambit i staroindijske | 1.d4 Sf6 2.c4 e5 (Budimpešta) | | A60–A79 | Benoni odbrana | 1.d4 Sf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6 | | A80–A99 | Holandska odbrana | 1.d4 f5 |
Chess Informant sells digital editions of the ECO (often in PGN or PDF format) on their official website. These are searchable, bookmarked, and regularly updated.